{
  "@context": [
    "https://schema.org",
    {
      "ec": "https://entitycodes.org/vocab#"
    }
  ],
  "@type": "DefinedTerm",
  "@id": "https://entitycodes.org/naics/323111/",
  "identifier": "323111",
  "name": "Commercial Printing (except Screen and Books)",
  "description": "This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in commercial printing (except screen printing, books printing) without publishing (except fabric grey goods printing).  The printing processes used in this industry include, but are not limited to, lithographic, gravure, flexographic, letterpress, engraving, and various digital printing technologies.  This industry includes establishments engaged in commercial printing on purchased stock materials, such as stationery, invitations, labels, and similar items, on a job-order basis.  Establishments primarily engaged in traditional printing activities combined with document photocopying services (i.e., quick printers) or primarily engaged in printing graphical materials using digital printing equipment are included in this industry.",
  "url": "https://entitycodes.org/naics/323111/",
  "inDefinedTermSet": {
    "@type": "DefinedTermSet",
    "name": "NAICS 2022",
    "url": "https://entitycodes.org/naics/"
  },
  "sameAs": [
    "https://www.census.gov/naics/?input=323111&year=2022"
  ],
  "additionalProperty": [
    {
      "@type": "PropertyValue",
      "name": "SBA size standard",
      "value": "650 employees",
      "unitText": "employees",
      "description": "13 CFR 121.201, as-of 2023-03-17"
    },
    {
      "@type": "PropertyValue",
      "name": "IRS PBA code",
      "value": "323100",
      "description": "IRS Principal Business Activity code (method: rolled-up)"
    },
    {
      "@type": "PropertyValue",
      "name": "US establishments",
      "value": 15140,
      "description": "Census County Business Patterns 2023"
    }
  ],
  "ec:crosswalk": [
    {
      "system": "SIC 1987",
      "code": "2752",
      "title": "Commercial Printing, Lithographic",
      "confidence": "chain",
      "via": "SIC1987:2752\u2192NAICS1997:323110\u21922002:323110\u21922007:323110\u21922012:323111\u21922017:323111\u21922022:323111",
      "url": "https://entitycodes.org/sic/2752/"
    },
    {
      "system": "SIC 1987",
      "code": "2754",
      "title": "Commercial Printing, Gravure",
      "confidence": "chain",
      "via": "SIC1987:2754\u2192NAICS1997:323111\u21922002:323111\u21922007:323111\u21922012:323111\u21922017:323111\u21922022:323111",
      "url": "https://entitycodes.org/sic/2754/"
    },
    {
      "system": "SIC 1987",
      "code": "2759",
      "title": "Commercial Printing, NEC",
      "confidence": "chain",
      "via": "SIC1987:2759\u2192NAICS1997:323112\u21922002:323112\u21922007:323112\u21922012:323111\u21922017:323111\u21922022:323111",
      "url": "https://entitycodes.org/sic/2759/"
    },
    {
      "system": "SIC 1987",
      "code": "2761",
      "title": "Manifold Business Forms",
      "confidence": "chain",
      "via": "SIC1987:2761\u2192NAICS1997:323116\u21922002:323116\u21922007:323116\u21922012:323111\u21922017:323111\u21922022:323111",
      "url": "https://entitycodes.org/sic/2761/"
    },
    {
      "system": "SIC 1987",
      "code": "2771",
      "title": "Greeting Cards",
      "confidence": "chain",
      "via": "SIC1987:2771\u2192NAICS1997:323110\u21922002:323110\u21922007:323110\u21922012:323111\u21922017:323111\u21922022:323111",
      "url": "https://entitycodes.org/sic/2771/"
    },
    {
      "system": "SIC 1987",
      "code": "2782",
      "title": "Blankbooks, Looseleaf Binders and Devices",
      "confidence": "chain",
      "via": "SIC1987:2782\u2192NAICS1997:323116\u21922002:323116\u21922007:323116\u21922012:323111\u21922017:323111\u21922022:323111",
      "url": "https://entitycodes.org/sic/2782/"
    },
    {
      "system": "SIC 1987",
      "code": "7334",
      "title": "Photocopying and Duplicating Services",
      "confidence": "chain",
      "via": "SIC1987:7334\u2192NAICS1997:323114\u21922002:323114\u21922007:323114\u21922012:323111\u21922017:323111\u21922022:323111",
      "url": "https://entitycodes.org/sic/7334/"
    }
  ],
  "ec:provenance": {
    "definition": {
      "source": "US Census 2022 NAICS Manual",
      "type": "US gov \u2014 public domain"
    },
    "crosswalk": {
      "source": "Census NAICS\u2194SIC concordance",
      "method": "transitive chain (NOT direct)"
    },
    "sba_size_standard": {
      "source": "SBA Table of Size Standards (13 CFR 121.201)",
      "as_of": "2023-03-17"
    },
    "establishments": {
      "source": "Census County Business Patterns",
      "year": 2023
    }
  },
  "license": "https://www.usa.gov/government-works",
  "dateModified": "2026-07-21",
  "isPartOf": {
    "@type": "DefinedTerm",
    "identifier": "3231",
    "name": "Printing and Related Support Activities",
    "@id": "https://entitycodes.org/naics/3231/"
  }
}